Lessons for Northern Minnesota From 5000 years of Copper/Sulfide/Acid Mining in Spain, Followed by a Single Generation of Failed Remediation Attempts - and You Still Can’t Drink the Water! (and you never will)
Spain’s Rio Tinto (“Stained River”) Estuary: one of the Most Polluted Areas in the World – Thanks to Sulfide Mining
By Gary G. Kohls, MD, Duluth, MN
“The Rio Tinto system in southwestern Spain….is one of the most polluted fluvial-estuarine systems in the world and most likely has been so for thousands of years.”
”The city of Huelva, Spain, has become the site of one of the most polluted industrial areas of the world.”
“Spain's Rio Tinto is characterized by deep red water that is highly acidic (pH 1.7—2.5) and rich in heavy metals”