FORTY YEARS AGO, on the morning of April 26, 1965, President Lyndon
Johnson spoke with a top State Department official about fast-moving
events in the Dominican Republic. A popular rebellion was on the verge
of toppling a military junta and restoring the country's democratically
elected president, Juan Bosch, to power.
"This Bosch is no good," Mr. Johnson said. "He's no good at all,"
replied Assistant Secretary of State Thomas Mann, who added: "If we
don't get a decent government in there, Mr. President, we get another
Bosch. It's just going to be another sinkhole."
Two days after that phone conversation, thousands of U.S. Marines landed
on the beaches of Santo Domingo. By then, the White House spin machinery
was in high gear. When the president went on television to declare that
the military action was necessary to rescue U.S. citizens, he didn't
mention that nearly all of them had already been evacuated before the
Marines arrived.
Mr. Johnson maintained that "99 percent of our reason for going in there
was to try to provide protection for these American lives and the lives